Central Asian speleological country

The Trans-Asian speleological country covers the Armenian Highlands, the Turkmen-Khorasan mountains and the Paro-Pamiz. On the territory of the former Soviet Union it is represented by parts of two speleological provinces Nagorno-Armenian and Turkmen-Khorasan. The Nagorno-Armenian region is subdivided into two speleological provinces: Nakhchivan and Zangezur. The major caves of the Nakhchivan province include Dashkali and Kilit caves.

The Dashkali cave is located 4 km north of the village of Sirab. It is confined to limestones of the Upper Cretaceous. The cave is characterized by a complex structure. At present it has been explored for almost 2000 meters. Its volume is about 50 thousand m3.

The Kilite cave, which apparently exceeds 1000 m in length, is located on the left bank of the Araks River. It was formed in crystalline limestone. The Turkmen-Khorasan region on the territory of the former Soviet Union is represented by the Balkhan-Kopetdag speleological province, where the most famous caves are the Bakharden cave (250 m long) and the Big Syrian cave (250 m long).

The Baharden cave is quite famous. The Big Sirim Cave, located on the slope of Mount Sirim, was formed in limestones of the middle Miocene. It has two entrances with heights of 8 and 15 meters. The total length of the cave is more than 250 meters.